The History of Postcards

Postcards have a rich history that spans several centuries, reflecting the evolution of communication, art, and social trends. Here’s an overview of the development of postcards:

1. Early Beginnings (Before Postcards)

Before postcards were created, people typically sent handwritten letters or illustrated messages on envelopes, but these methods were often too long or costly for casual communication. In the 19th century, the idea of faster and more convenient communication began to take shape, and the postcard as we know it began to emerge.

2. The Birth of the Postcard (Around the 1860s-1870s)

The first modern postcards appeared in the 1860s when several European countries started issuing this convenient form of communication.

• Austria: In 1869, Austria became the first country to issue modern postcards. These were simple, pre-printed cards with space for a short message.
• Germany: Germany quickly followed suit in the early 1870s.

These early postcards were often simple in design or left blank for a short message. Their main appeal was their convenience and lower cost compared to letters.

3. The Golden Age of Postcards (1890s – 1910s)

The late 19th century and early 20th century saw a boom in the postcard industry, especially in Europe and North America. Postcards became not only a means of communication but also a form of art and travel memorabilia.

• Picture Postcards: Postcards began featuring images, especially scenic views, city landmarks, and famous attractions. This was made possible by advances in photography and printing technology. The first photo postcards, which were actual photographs printed on cards, emerged around the 1890s.
• The Postcard Craze: By the early 20th century, postcards had become a common souvenir for tourists. People collected, exchanged, and sent postcards to showcase where they had been or to stay in touch with friends and family.

During this period, “real photo postcards” became popular, which were made by photography studios and became popular for personal use and as memorabilia for local events, festivals, and celebrations.

4. Postcards in the Early 20th Century (1910s – 1930s)

During this period, postcards were widely used to document historical moments, from war-related images to international expositions.

• World War I & II: Postcards were extensively used during both World Wars. Soldiers sent postcards back home, and many featured patriotic symbols, military scenes, and morale-boosting imagery.
• Art and Propaganda: Postcards became an important medium for propaganda and political and social movements. Artists also started designing postcards for promotional or artistic purposes.

5. The Decline and Modern Use of Postcards (1950s – Present)

With the rise of other forms of communication, especially the telephone and the internet, postcards began to decline in popularity by the mid-20th century. However, they never fully disappeared, and they remain an important part of travel culture and collecting.

• Souvenirs and Collectibles: Even today, postcards are still commonly purchased as souvenirs for travelers, often featuring local landscapes, attractions, and cultural icons.
• Artistic Expression: Artists continue to use postcards as a medium for self-expression, and some design studios specialize in limited edition postcards featuring contemporary or vintage designs.

6. Postcards Today

While postcards are no longer as commonly used for correspondence as they once were, they still hold sentimental value. Modern postcards can be found in tourist shops, art galleries, and online, where collectors and enthusiasts continue to appreciate both the nostalgia and artistry of these small yet powerful pieces of history.

Some current trends in postcards include:

• Custom and Personalized Postcards: With digital printing technology, people now have the option to create custom postcards with personal photos or messages, adding a more personal touch.
• E-Cards: Digital postcards or e-cards have emerged in the modern era as a convenient alternative, though the tangible experience of sending and receiving a physical postcard remains irreplaceable for many.

Conclusion

Postcards have had a rich and diverse history, from their early beginnings as practical communication tools to their rise as a form of artistic expression and a travel collectible. They continue to be a beloved part of culture and nostalgia, linking us to the past, our travels, and the people we care about.